Endometriosis happens when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus. The tissue spreads and makes clumps on nearby organs, causing pain. This pain can happen in the pelvis, lower belly, vagina and/or lower back. The tissue clumps — also called implants — can grow on many areas, such as:
- Ovaries
- Fallopian tubes
- Intestines
- Other organs nearby
This condition can start at an early age. Some women get it at their first period. It can also last until menopause. Symptoms are:
- Pain and cramping
- Bleeding more than usual during your period
- Difficulty getting pregnant
- Blood in urine or stool
- Pain during sex
While this condition isn’t dangerous, it can cause other problems. The tissue still acts how it would inside your uterus. It sheds and bleeds each month during your period, but it can’t exit. This causes painful cramps. If there’s a buildup of implants, it can affect other organs. This can create scar tissue or make organs stick together.
Anyone who gets their period can be diagnosed with this disease. Some things can increase or lower your risk. Your risk increases if:
- A close family member has or had the condition
- Your period started before age 11
- Your monthly cycle is shorter than 27 days
- Your period is heavy and lasts more than 7 days
Good news is in sight. Treatment is available. And there are many options to feel better. Treatment also depends on whether you want to control pain or get pregnant. Some options are:
- Pain medicines or options to help with bleeding
- A prescription for hormone medications to reduce implants
- A procedure to remove implants and scar tissue, reduce pain and help you get pregnant
- ·In extreme cases, surgery to remove your uterus and ovaries
There are steps before being diagnosed. Before treatment, your doctor will ask about your medical and menstrual history. They may also perform tests that can include a pelvic exam or ultrasound, among others.
Don’t give up on finding help. You’re not alone in this. This disease impacts more than 11% of American women between ages 15 and 44. If you have any symptoms, schedule a visit with your doctor’s office. You can also call Member Services at 1-866-329-4701 (TTY:711). Well-woman visits and annual check-ups are covered at no charge by Aetna Better Health® of Illinois for eligible members.